?????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??? ?? ????????, ????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??. ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ??? ???, ????? "????" ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??? ??.
????, ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ??. "???????" ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ??, ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????. ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????. ????????? ??????????.
??? ??????? ????? ??????, "?????" ??? ???? ?????? ?????????????? ???? ???? ??.
1959: ?????? ???????? China? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????????????, ????????? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ???? -59 ???? ??????;
1964: ??????? ??????? ????? ??????, ???? - 64 ??? ????? ????;
1982: ?????? ???????? China? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????-82 reform ?? ?????????? ?????, ??? ? ?????? ??????????? ????? ??? "????????" ?????? ????? ??????? ?????;
1989: ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???;
1991: ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????, ???, ???? / t13306-91
?????? ????? ??? ???????, ??? ?? "???? ????" ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??, ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ???? ???, ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??. ????? ????? ?????? , ???????????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ???? ??.
1. ??????? ?????? ?????????
（1） ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ??, ?????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????.
(?) ?????????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ??? ???????? ???? ???.
??????????? ???????, ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ??.
???????? ????????? ??? ????????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????
???????? ???? ???????, ????? ??? ???????
A. ?????????? ???????, ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????.
??. ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????, ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ????? ?????? ??? ??. ???????, ????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ??. ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??????, ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??.
??. ?????? ??????, ????? ??????, ????? ??????, ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ? size?????? ??, ???? 4545457..3 ?? ????????? ?????? ????
??. ?????? ???????? ?? ?????????? (??????? ????) ??? ????-???????????? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ???, ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????.
?. ??????????? ???????? ???????? ???, ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? 3100 ?? ?????????? ???? ????.
6. ???????
?. ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????. ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ??.
(?) industrial??????? ????? ??????????? ?? 1, ?? 2, ?? 3 ??? ?? 4;
??) ???????? ????? 0Cr19Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9 ??? 1Cr17;
(??) ????? ?????, ????? ??? ?????, ?????;
(??) ??????????? ??? ?????????????? ?????????;
(?) ???????? ??? / ?? 62 (?? 68) ??? ???? ????????? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ??.
??. ??????? ? ???????? ??????? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????????? ???? ?????, ???, ???-??????? ???? ???? ???-??????? ????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??? (??? ?? ?????? ???? ??????).
??. ???? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??: 0.3 ????, 0.4 ????, 0.5 ????, 0.6 ????, 0.8 ????, 1.0 ????, 1.2 ????, 1.5 ????, 2.0 ????, 3.0 ????, 4.0 ????.
??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??.
????? ?????????
?????????? ????? ???? ???? ????, ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ? ???? ????. ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????. ?????? ???? ???????, ???? ???? ????, ?????? ? ???? ????.
???????, ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????, ??????????? ???????? ????? ????, ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????.
()) ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ? ???? ????, ???? ???? ?????? ????, ???????, ???????? ??? ? ???? ????. ?????? ??????, ??????, ??????, ???, ??????, ???king???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????.
???????? ?????, ??????, ???-????????, ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????.
?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? ???? ????, ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????, ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????. ?? ???? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ????, ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????, ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????.
????? ?? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????????, ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??.
???????? ?????????
?????? ???????? ????? 4 ?? ??????? (GB1720) ???? ??? ???? ???? ????.
????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? 730 ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ????: ???? ?????? ????? 4 ???? ??? ???? ???? ????; ?????? ????? 6 ?????? ??? ? ???? ????.
()) ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ????, ????????? ??????????? ????????, 10um ???? ??? ???? ???? ????; ???? ???? 5um ???? ??? ? ???? ????.
()) ????? ?????? ????????, 48 ????? ???, ???? 4159 ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ????.
(5) ???? ??? ??? ????????, 10 ?? ??????? ???, JB4159 ???? 2 ?? ???? ????.
????????? ????????, 28 ?? ??????? ???, ????? 2 ?? GB2423.16 ??????? ????? ???? ????.
??????? ??????
(1) ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????.
(2) ?????
??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???? ? ???.
()) ??????? ????????
??????? ?????? ???????? ???? 500 ???????? ??????????? ??? 250 ?????? ??? ? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????.
(4) ???? 1720 ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????
(5) GB8427 ???? GB8428 ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????.
(6) ???? 2423.17 ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????.
???? 2423.3 ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????????.
??????? ???????? ? GB2423.16 ?????? ????????? ??? ??.
???????? ???????????
(1) ???????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????.
(?) ??? ????? ?????, ??????? ???????? ???? examine, ????????? ???????? ???? (???????) check.? ??? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? 2828 ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????.
()) ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???? 2828, ????? ???????? ???? ?? -2 ??? ?????????? ???????? ???? (???????) 2.5 ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???????????? ????.
()) ?????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????.
(?) ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?????;
(??) ??????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ??????;
(??) ?????????? ???????;
(??) ?????? (???????) ???????.
??????? ????
???????? ???????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????, ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??.
GB191 ??????, ?????? ??? ?????? ??????
?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? GB730 ????? ool? ????
????? ?????????? ??????? ???? GB1720 ??????
??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? / ?? 1731 ??????
???? / ?? 1732 ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????
?????? ??????? ?? ?????????? GB / T1733 ????????
?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????????? GB / T1740 ???????
???? / ?? 1766 ??? ?????? ??? ??????? - ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????
???? / ?? 1771 ??? ?????? ??? ??????? - ????? ???????? ?????????? ??????
?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? / ?? 2633 ???????? ??????
???? / ?? 2893 ??????? ???
???? / ?? 3979 object??????? ??? ???? ??????
?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? / ?? 4706 ??????? ?????? ?????????
?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????????????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? 8898 ?????? ?????????
???????? ???? GB9276 ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????
???? / ?? 279 ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????
GB1804 ???????? ??? ???
?????????? ???????? GB11335 ????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???
GB11335 ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????
??????????? ??? ???????????? ???????? ???? ???? 2423.3 ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???: ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??????
??????????? ??? ???????????? ???????? ???? ???? 2423.16 ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????
GB2423.17 ??????????? ??? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??: ????? ?????? ??????? ??????
???? 2828 ???-???-??? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???? (??? ????? ???????? ???? ????)
GB3100 ?????? ????????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????
???-??????? ???? ??????????? ?? ???-???? ??????????? ??????? ????? ???? GB4957 ??? ??????? ??????
??????????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ox???????? ?????? ???? ???? 8013 ??????? ??????????
???? 8427 ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? - ????? ????
???? 8428 ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? - ?????? ????
???? / ?? 12967.1 ??? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????
? GB?? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ox???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????, ??.??. / ?? 12967.2 ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ox????????
??????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? 4159
??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???!
????? ???? ???? ?????? - ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ?????????, ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??? ??. ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??. ??? ???? ???. ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ????!
????? ???: ?? 23-22020